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1、 How are almost half of ourdaily actions performed according to the passage?
A、Out of habit.
B、With determination.
C、Like muscle building.
D、By self-discipline
2、 What does the author think of Ford's writing?
A、It uses comparison and contrast in describing fashions of different eras.
B、It makes heavy reading but is not lacking in humor or appeal.
C、It is filled with interesting episodes to spare readers intolerable boredom.
D、 It is characteristic of academics in presenting arguments.
3、 What was the aim of the first laws passed regarding fashion in the 1200s?
A、To facilitate the rise of the middle class.
B、To loosen restrictions on dress codes.
C、To help initiate some novel fashions.
D、To preserve the status of the nobles.
4、 How can people best understand a particular fashion in an era, according to Ford?
A、By examining the restraints imposed on it.
B、By looking at what the nobility were wearing.
C、By glancing at its fabrics, colors and ornaments.
D、By doing a survey of the upper and middle classes.
5、 What does the author think of the book Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History?
A、It is read by people for entirely different reasons.
B、It is meant for those interested in fashion history.
C、It makes enjoyable as well as informative reading.
D、It converts fashion into something for deliberation.
6、 What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?
A、Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.
B、Its misleading results should be corrected in time.
C、Its validity should be checked with additional care.
D、Its hidden biases should be identified independently.
7、 What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?
A、They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.
B、 They make extra efforts to research their own products.
C、They provide valuable resources for scientific research.
D、They reap the most benefits from scientific research
8、 What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?
A、They would be totally unbiased.
B、They would be independently funded.
C、They would be responsibly conducted.
D、They would be strictly supervised.
9、 What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?
A、They have little access to government funding.
B、They can do research with limited resources.
C、They can do amateur work in their own fields.
D、They have no means for large-scale research.
10、 What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?
A、Its foundation.
B、Its rewards.
C、lts prospect
D、Itsfunding
11、 Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?
A、Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.
B、 We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.
C、Self-control tends to be associated with pains.
D、Self-control only brings about small benefits
12、 How does the art of self-control help us succeed?
A、By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.
B、By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.
C、By enabling us to takepositive actions
D、By allowing us toavoid taking risks.
13、 What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?
A、Practising it on a day-to-day basis
B、Associating it with improving health.
C、Possessing a reasonable amount of talent
D、Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.
14、 What does the author say is the greatest strength of Ford's book?
A、Plentiful information.
B、Meaningful choices.
C、 Evolved thinking.
D、Intellectual depth.
15、 What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?
A、Keep it under control.
B、Apply it continuously.
C、Learn from entrepreneurs
D、Aim at success determinedly.
16、 What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people's approval?
A、Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.
B、Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.
C、Our identity as social beings will be affected.
D、Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced
17、 What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?
A、Our desperate longing for interactions with others.
B、Our understanding of the workings of the world.
C、Our knowledge about the pain of abandonment.
D、Our early childhood fear of being deserted
18、 What can we conclude from Lao Zi's quotation?
A、We should see through other people's attempt to make a prisoner of us.
B、We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can
C、We can never be truly free if taking to heart others' opinion of us.
D、we should care about other people s view as much as they care about our own.
19、 What does the aurnor advise us to do in the last paragraon.
A、Embrace life for ourselves and for others.
B、See our experiences as assets
C、Base our worth on others opinions
D、Love ourselves as we are
20、 What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?
A、Enjoy a happier life.
B、Receive more external validation.
C、Exercise self-restraint.
D、Strengthen our power of imagination.
21、 What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman's finding?
A、Brain damage seriously hinders oneslearning.
B、Brain power weakens slower than we imagine
C、Brains can retresh and improve with learnins.
D、Brains forge connections under new conditions
22、 What does the author say can contribule lo the improvement of brain function?
A、Being curious and desiring knowledge.
B、Rising to life's challenges and avoiding risks.
C、Being eager to pass brain tests at an old age.
D、Boosting immunity to serious mental discases
23、 What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?
A、Doing daily routines by conventional means.
B、Imitating old dogs'way of learning new tricks
C、Avoiding worrying about our mental durability.
D、Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways.
24、 What do some people think of aging adults?
A、Inel wisdom grows as time goes by.
B、Their memory gradually deteriorates
C、they can benent trom late-in-le learning.
D、Thev are likely to have mental health issues.
25、 What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging?
A、Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one's reasoning power.
B、Playingnumber games unexpectedly stimulates one's memory
C、Desiring new experiences can help to renovate the brain.
D、Learning new tricks should not be confined to old dogs only.
26、 What did the researchers want to determine by testing a variety of possible explanations?
A、What made male frequent travelers book air tickets late.
B、What caused women to plan ahead in booking business trips.
C、What motivated women to book cheaper flights.
D、What accounted for the gender gap in airfares.
27、 What does the author imply we should do if we have to focus on some task and do it well?
A、 Work in a flexible way.
B、 Learn from mistakes.
C、 Avoid multitasking.
D、 Increase efficiency.
28、 How does the business world view multitasking?
A、 It is a rare skill often found in fluid organisations.
B、 It is an adaptable capability required of all workers.
C、 It is an essential quality many employees lack.
D、 It is a desirable ability that can be developed.
29、 What do we learn from the conclusion of a recent study on multitasking?
A、 People make greater achievements by maintaining whatever they are doing is multitasking.
B、 People's performance benefits from the perception of what they are doing as multitasking.
C、 People's active mental processes exert a positive effect on their multitasking.
D、 People can improve their capabilities by handling multitasking situations.
30、 Why can't people really be multitaskers according to neuroscientists?
A、 They are not sufficiently exposed to multitasking situations.
B、 They are not comparable to mechanical operating systems.
C、 Their brains do not allow them to multitask.
D、 Their attention span cannot be expanded.
31、 What does a "multitasker" originally refer to?
A、 An operating system capable of doing several tasks at once.
B、 A skilled worker executing more than one task at the same time.
C、 A sophisticated technology doing several tasks effectively at once.
D、 An efficient person able to perform multiple tasks at the same time.
32、 How can entrepreneurs overcome the risk-inducing effects of rivalry?
A、 By paying close attention to their current performance.
B、 By taking steps that stand to endanger their rivals' success.
C、 By monitoring how their decision-making impacts their mentality.
D、 By keeping their emotions in check to avoid making poor decisions.
33、 How can entrepreneurs avoid making impulsive and insensible decisions?
A、 By engaging themselves in critical reasoning.
B、 By developing a habit of keeping their integrity.
C、 By criticizing themselves for previous poor performances.
D、 By refraining from being too excited about their successes.
34、 What is one of the traps entrepreneurs may often fall into when competing with rivals?
A、 They may adopt strategies that are bound to ruin their venture.
B、 They may resort to unethical means to outperform their rivals.
C、 They may be too eager to succeed while ignoring the huge labor cost.
D、 They may be intently focused on winning at the current market level.
35、 How can competitive rivalry benefit entrepreneurs according to the passage?
A、 By enabling them to outcompete other entrepreneurs.
B、 By enabling them to make their venture a success.
C、 By helping them to reach long-term goals.
D、 By helping them to stay goal-oriented.
36、 What does the author emphasize about their analysis in the last paragraph?
A、It can help companies increase their savings significantly.
B、It can duly contribute to companies' business performance.
C、 It can translate women's booking practice into men's behavior.
D、 It can enhance large multinational companies' competitiveness.
37、 What did prior research on negative reciprocity among workers find?
A、It can do more harm to the workplace than to employee.
B、It contributes to the male-female divide in the workplace.
C、It proves to be counterproductive in a number of ways.
D、 It can result in increasing labor-management conflicts.
38、 What happened when the negative reciprocity variable was taken into account?
A、Both men and women were found to engage in negative behaviors.
B、Neither men nor women viewed booking late as a bad behavior.
C、The gender difference in airfare expenses no longe existed.
D、The gender gap tended to narrow to a significant degree.
39、 What are entrepreneurs advised to do to avoid traps that often accompany rivalry?
A、 Deliberate on what really matters.
B、 Prioritize reaping immediate benefits.
C、 Estimate the long-term consequences.
D、 Reflect on what successes are achievable.
40、 What did the author's team conclude about the gender difference in airfares from their further investigation?
A、It is largely attributed to women booking earlier than men.
B、It is largely explained by women's choosing cheaper flights.
C、It is mainly accounted for by male employees' readiness to pay more.
D、It is due to the fact that women care more about their company's money.
41、 Why did the author and his colleagues launch the Out of Office Email Generator?
A、To enable busy employees to spend less time checking emails.
B、To ensure employees as well as employers truly have time off.
C、To stop managers from talking about how busy their teams usually are.
D、To encourage both employers and employees to answer emails promptly.
42、 What do such utterances as "T have limited access to email" sound like according to the author?
A、 One is too busy to check all emails in time.
B、 One is opposed to the prevailing work culture.
C、 One is forced by circumstances to stop working.
D、 One is simply enjoying their time off work.
43、 What do we learn about the culture of busyness from a recent study?
A、It places employees in endless meetings, emails and stress.
B、It compels some 20% of employees to appear always busy.
C、It distorts many employees' belief of what a satisfying life is.
D、It does much harm to many busy employees' well-being.
44、 Why do we tend to think that busy people are of high status?
A、Our status can be attributed to our social mobility.
B、We hold the belief that hard work leads to success.
C、Our own opportunity for success never comes easily.
D、We find few people of high status have time for leisure.
45、 What is a reason for the author to be in the habit of saying "busy" when asked how he is doing?
A、He just follows successful people's example.
B、He is actually proud to be fully occupied.
C、He thinks everyone should be devoted to work.
D、He believes busyness ensures accomplishments.
46、 Why are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes?
A、To convince employees of the value of collaboration.
B、To allow for the preferences of most people of today.
C、To improve on traditional organizational structures.
D、To adapt to employees' ever-changing working styles.
47、 When are you more likely to succeed in persuading your coworkers?
A、When they are convinced you work in their interests while sacrificing your own.
B、When they become aware of the potential strength of the judgements you make.
C、When they become aware of the meaningful relationships you keep with them.
D、When they are convinced they will make achievements together with you.
48、 What should people do to learn the art of persuasi at the workplace?
A、Acquire effective communication skills.
B、Avoid getting involved in conflicts with others.
C、Understand the reason for pursuing their goals.
D、Commit themselves fully to their ideas and plans.
49、 Why are persuasion skills greatly valued in the workplace?
A、They enable employees to be convinced of their long-term gains.
B、They enable employees to trust their leaders unconditionally.
C、They help motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal.
D、They help an organization to broaden its vision effectively.
50、 What does the author say about the ability to be persuasive in the first paragraph?
A、People may either be born with it or be able to cultivate it.
B、It proves crucial in making others follow one's course of action.
C、It refers to the natural and instinctive power of influencing one's coworkers.
D、People may view it as both a means to convince others and an art of communication.
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